Kubernetes Operators Advanced Cognitive Class Exam Quiz Answers

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Enroll Here: Kubernetes Operators Advanced Cognitive Class Exam Quiz Answers

Kubernetes Operators Advanced Cognitive Class Certification Answers

Module 1 – Reconciliation Loops Quiz Answers – Cognitive Class

Question 1: What are the results that can be returned from a single iteration of a reconcile loop?

Requeue, Exit without requeuing
Return and requeue, Return an error and requeue, Exit without requeuing
Exit, Exit with error
Return and requeue, Return an error, Exit without requeuing

Question 2: The reconciliation loop is where the actual behavior of an operator is defined.

True
False

Question 3: Why is it a good idea to build a reconciliation loop out of small, iterative steps?

The desired state of the cluster can change during reconciliation
The actual state of the cluster can change during reconciliation
The reconciliation request might be picked up by multiple controllers
All of the above

Question 4: What do the Kubebuilder markers we put above the Reconcile method declaration do?

The reconciliation request might be picked up by multiple controllers
Create the RBAC for the controller to access the specified resources
Scaffold the custom resource types for the operator
Scaffold the reconcile loops for the specified resource

Question 5: It is possible for the object you are reconciling to no longer exist by the time the request is being processed.

True
False

Module 2 – Operator Lifecycle Manager Quiz Answers – Cognitive Class

Question 1: What are the three main components of a bundle?

Sample, Config, and Image
Manifests, Metadata, and a Dockerfile
Config, an Operator image, and a bundle image
Data, Metadata, and a Dockerfile

Question 2: A conversion webhook is a special kind of admission webhook.

True
False

Question 3: Why is it important to include a conversion webhook when upgrading the API version of an operator?

To convert running instances to the new version of Memcached
To migrate requests from users and controllers to the new version
To migrate the database records to the new version
To convert pre-existing instances of the resource to the new version

Question 4: Kubernetes conversion logic is based on what kind of model?

Many to Many
Hub and Spoke
Up and Down
Wheel and Deal

Question 5: Although the underlying custom resources that OLM uses may change, the format of an operator bundle should stay the same moving forward.

True
False

Module 3 – Scorecard Quiz Answers – Cognitive Class

Question 1: In the config file, each Scorecard test consists of what three components?

Operator image, Test image, Test command
Image, Entrypoint, Labels
Test file, Commands, Bundle
Dockerfile, Entrypoint, Name

Question 2: Scorecard tests execute from your local machine targeting the cluster.

True
False

Question 3: Why did we have to cross compile our Scorecard test?

To include our Scorecard config
It’s executed in a container on the cluter, which is a 64-bit Linux environment
To include our operator’s bundle
To ensure all the dependencies were included

Question 4: Why did we run our Scorecard test with our operator’s Service Account?

To give Scorecard the RBAC permissions to run the test container
To give it the RBAC permissions needed to manipulate the Memcached and dependant types
To give it the RBAC permissions to manipulate our operator’s controller
To tell it which operator to test

Question 5: The Scorecard config is part of your operator’s bundle.

True
False

Kubernetes Operators Advanced Final Exam Answers – Cognitive Class

Question 1: Your Scorecard config is automatically generated as part of your operator’s bundle.

True
False

Question 2: Why is it important to include a conversion webhook when upgrading the API version of an operator?

To convert running instances to the new version of Memcached
To migrate requests from users and controllers to the new version
To migrate the database records to the new version
To convert pre-existing instances of the resource to the new version

Question 3: Your bundle starts with some automatically generated Scorecard tests that test what features of your operator?

Regression tests to test upgrading your operator
Basic best practices like descriptors and validators for your custom resource types
Benchmarks to stress-test your operator
Basic unit tests that test your custom resource types

Question 4: What are the results that can be returned from a single iteration of a reconcile loop?

Requeue, Exit without requeuing
Return and requeue, Return an error and requeue, Exit without requeuing
Exit, Exit with error
Return and requeue, Return an error, Exit without requeuing

Question 5: Conversion between different API versions of the same resource is based on a Hub-and-Spoke model.

True
False

Question 6: Why should you start a reconciliation loop by fetching the object you’re reconciling?

To get the most recent API version of the object
The object may have been deleted, updated, or otherwise invalidated in the meantime
To fetch the object’s schema
The object object isn’t included in the reconciliation request

Question 7: A conversion webhook is a special type of which kind of default Kubernetes resource?

Controller webhook
Mutating webhook
Upgrade webhook
Admission webhook

Question 8: Why is it a good idea to build a reconciliation loop out of small, iterative steps?

The desired state of the cluster can change during reconciliation
The actual state of the cluster can change during reconciliation
The reconciliation request might be picked up by multiple controllers
All of the above

Question 9: What are the three main components of a bundle?

Sample, Config, and Image
Manifests, Metadata, and a Dockerfile
Config, an Operator image, and a bundle image
Data, Metadata, and a Dockerfile

Question 10: A Scorecard test requires a Service Account with permissions to access your custom resource types.

True
False

Introduction to Kubernetes Operators Advanced

Kubernetes Operators are a powerful concept that extends the Kubernetes API to manage complex applications and services as if they were native Kubernetes resources. They automate operational tasks, such as deployment, scaling, and maintenance, and encapsulate best practices for managing stateful applications. Advanced Kubernetes Operators often involve more sophisticated features and capabilities. Here are some advanced aspects of Kubernetes Operators:

1. Custom Resources and Controllers:

Operators are implemented using Custom Resource Definitions (CRDs) and controllers. Advanced Operators may define complex custom resources that capture intricate application requirements and states.

2. Controller Patterns:

Advanced Operators often employ controller patterns such as the Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) pattern, which facilitates the entire lifecycle of an Operator from installation to upgrades.

3. Automatic Upgrades:

Operators can be designed to handle automatic upgrades by detecting new versions of the application or dependencies and managing the upgrade process seamlessly.

4. Monitoring and Observability:

Implementing monitoring and observability features within an Operator allows it to collect metrics, logs, and traces to provide insights into the application’s health and performance.

5. Configuration Management:

Advanced Operators often support fine-grained configuration management, allowing users to specify various parameters and settings for the deployed application.

6. Day-2 Operations:

Operators can go beyond deployment and support day-2 operations, such as backup, restore, scaling, and adjusting configuration, providing a comprehensive solution for application lifecycle management.

7. Integration with External Systems:

Operators may integrate with external systems, such as CI/CD pipelines, version control systems, or external databases, to provide a seamless end-to-end workflow.

8. Multi-Tenancy:

Advanced Operators may support multi-tenancy by allowing the deployment and management of multiple instances of an application with isolation between tenants.

9. Security Considerations:

Implementing security best practices, such as RBAC (Role-Based Access Control), secure communication, and encryption, is crucial for advanced Operators handling sensitive workloads.

Building advanced Kubernetes Operators requires a deep understanding of Kubernetes, application architecture, and operational requirements. Leveraging best practices, using operator frameworks, and staying engaged with the Kubernetes community contribute to the success of advanced Operators.